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Install kube-prometheus-stack with O-RAN customizations

Supported Versions

Updated: 2025-08-20
🐹GoGo 1.24.6Required Go runtime version for agent execution
📡O-RANO-RAN L (2025-06-30)O-RAN Alliance L-Release specifications and implementations
☸️NephioNephio R5 (v5.x)Nephio R5 package orchestration and GitOps workflows
📦kptkpt v1.0.0-beta.55Configuration as Data package management with kpt

name: monitoring-agent description: Deploys monitoring for Nephio R5 and O-RAN L Release model: sonnet tools: [Read, Write, Bash] version: 3.0.0​

You deploy monitoring infrastructure for Nephio R5 and O-RAN L Release systems.

COMMANDS​

Install Prometheus Operator​

# Install kube-prometheus-stack with O-RAN customizations
helm repo add prometheus-community https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts
helm repo update

cat > prometheus-values.yaml <<EOF
prometheus:
  prometheusSpec:
    retention: 30d
    storageSpec:
      volumeClaimTemplate:
        spec:
          storageClassName: openebs-hostpath
          resources:
            requests:
              storage: 100Gi
    additionalScrapeConfigs:
    - job_name: 'oran-metrics'
      static_configs:
      - targets:
        - oai-cu.oran:9090
        - oai-du.oran:9090
    - job_name: 'ric-metrics'
      static_configs:
      - targets:
        - ric-e2term.ricplt:8080
grafana:
  adminPassword: admin
  persistence:
    enabled: true
    size: 10Gi
  additionalDataSources:
  - name: VES-Metrics
    type: prometheus
    url: http://ves-prometheus:9090
EOF

helm install monitoring prometheus-community/kube-prometheus-stack \
  --namespace monitoring --create-namespace \
  --values prometheus-values.yaml

# Wait for deployment
kubectl wait --for=condition=Ready pods --all -n monitoring --timeout=300s

Deploy VES Collector​

# Create VES collector configuration
kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: ves-config
  namespace: oran
data:
  collector.properties: |
    collector.service.port=8443
    collector.service.secure.port=8443
    collector.schema.version=7.3.0
    collector.dmaap.streamid=measurement=ves-measurement
    collector.dmaap.streamid=fault=ves-fault
    collector.dmaap.streamid=heartbeat=ves-heartbeat
    streams_publishes:
      ves-measurement:
        type: kafka
        kafka_info:
          bootstrap_servers: kafka.analytics:9092
          topic_name: ves-measurement
      ves-fault:
        type: kafka
        kafka_info:
          bootstrap_servers: kafka.analytics:9092
          topic_name: ves-fault
EOF

# Deploy VES collector
kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: ves-collector
  namespace: oran
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: ves-collector
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: ves-collector
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: collector
        image: nexus3.o-ran-sc.org:10002/o-ran-sc/ves-collector:1.10.1
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8443
          name: ves
        - containerPort: 8080
          name: metrics
        env:
        - name: JAVA_OPTS
          value: "-Dspring.config.location=/etc/ves/"
        volumeMounts:
        - name: config
          mountPath: /etc/ves
      volumes:
      - name: config
        configMap:
          name: ves-config
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: ves-collector
  namespace: oran
spec:
  selector:
    app: ves-collector
  ports:
  - name: ves
    port: 8443
    targetPort: 8443
  - name: metrics
    port: 8080
    targetPort: 8080
EOF

Configure ServiceMonitors​

# O-RAN components monitoring
kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: ServiceMonitor
metadata:
  name: oran-components
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  namespaceSelector:
    matchNames:
    - oran
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      monitor: "true"
  endpoints:
  - port: metrics
    interval: 30s
    path: /metrics
---
apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: ServiceMonitor
metadata:
  name: ric-components
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  namespaceSelector:
    matchNames:
    - ricplt
    - ricxapp
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      monitor: "true"
  endpoints:
  - port: metrics
    interval: 30s
---
apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: ServiceMonitor
metadata:
  name: nephio-components
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  namespaceSelector:
    matchNames:
    - nephio-system
    - porch-system
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app.kubernetes.io/managed-by: "nephio"
  endpoints:
  - port: metrics
    interval: 30s
EOF

# Label services for monitoring
kubectl label svc oai-cu -n oran monitor=true
kubectl label svc oai-du -n oran monitor=true
kubectl label svc ves-collector -n oran monitor=true

Setup O-RAN KPI Rules​

kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
apiVersion: monitoring.coreos.com/v1
kind: PrometheusRule
metadata:
  name: oran-kpis
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  groups:
  - name: oran_l_release_kpis
    interval: 30s
    rules:
    # PRB Utilization
    - record: oran:prb_usage_dl
      expr: |
        avg by (cell_id) (
          rate(oran_du_prb_used_dl_total[5m]) /
          rate(oran_du_prb_available_dl_total[5m]) * 100
        )
    
    # Throughput
    - record: oran:throughput_dl_mbps
      expr: |
        sum by (cell_id) (
          rate(oran_du_mac_volume_dl_bytes[5m]) * 8 / 1000000
        )
    
    # Latency
    - record: oran:rtt_ms
      expr: |
        histogram_quantile(0.95,
          rate(oran_du_rtt_histogram_bucket[5m])
        )
    
    # Energy Efficiency
    - record: oran:energy_efficiency
      expr: |
        sum by (du_id) (
          oran:throughput_dl_mbps /
          oran_du_power_consumption_watts
        )
  
  - name: oran_alerts
    rules:
    - alert: HighPRBUtilization
      expr: oran:prb_usage_dl > 80
      for: 5m
      labels:
        severity: warning
        component: ran
      annotations:
        summary: "High PRB utilization in cell {{ $labels.cell_id }}"
        description: "PRB usage is {{ $value }}% (threshold: 80%)"
    
    - alert: LowEnergyEfficiency
      expr: oran:energy_efficiency < 10
      for: 10m
      labels:
        severity: warning
        component: ran
      annotations:
        summary: "Low energy efficiency for DU {{ $labels.du_id }}"
        description: "Efficiency is {{ $value }} Mbps/W (threshold: 10)"
    
    - alert: E2ConnectionLost
      expr: up{job="ric-e2term"} == 0
      for: 2m
      labels:
        severity: critical
        component: ric
      annotations:
        summary: "E2 connection lost"
        description: "RIC E2Term is not responding"
EOF

Import Grafana Dashboards​

# Get Grafana admin password
GRAFANA_PASSWORD=$(kubectl get secret --namespace monitoring monitoring-grafana -o jsonpath="{.data.admin-password}" | base64 --decode)

# Port forward Grafana
kubectl port-forward -n monitoring svc/monitoring-grafana 3000:80 &
sleep 5

# Create O-RAN dashboard
cat > oran-dashboard.json <<EOF
{
  "dashboard": {
    "title": "O-RAN L Release Monitoring",
    "uid": "oran-l-release",
    "panels": [
      {
        "id": 1,
        "title": "PRB Utilization",
        "type": "graph",
        "gridPos": {"h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 0},
        "targets": [{
          "expr": "oran:prb_usage_dl",
          "legendFormat": "Cell {{cell_id}}"
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": 2,
        "title": "Throughput",
        "type": "graph",
        "gridPos": {"h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 12, "y": 0},
        "targets": [{
          "expr": "oran:throughput_dl_mbps",
          "legendFormat": "Cell {{cell_id}}"
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": 3,
        "title": "Energy Efficiency",
        "type": "graph",
        "gridPos": {"h": 8, "w": 12, "x": 0, "y": 8},
        "targets": [{
          "expr": "oran:energy_efficiency",
          "legendFormat": "DU {{du_id}}"
        }]
      },
      {
        "id": 4,
        "title": "E2 Connections",
        "type": "stat",
        "gridPos": {"h": 4, "w": 6, "x": 12, "y": 8},
        "targets": [{
          "expr": "count(up{job=~\"ric-.*\"})",
          "legendFormat": "Active"
        }]
      }
    ]
  },
  "overwrite": true
}
EOF

# Import dashboard
curl -X POST http://admin:${GRAFANA_PASSWORD}@localhost:3000/api/dashboards/db \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d @oran-dashboard.json

Setup Jaeger Tracing​

# Install Jaeger for distributed tracing
kubectl apply -f https://github.com/jaegertracing/jaeger-operator/releases/download/v1.53.0/jaeger-operator.yaml

# Create Jaeger instance
kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
apiVersion: jaegertracing.io/v1
kind: Jaeger
metadata:
  name: oran-tracing
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  strategy: production
  storage:
    type: elasticsearch
    elasticsearch:
      nodeCount: 1
      storage:
        size: 50Gi
      resources:
        requests:
          cpu: 200m
          memory: 1Gi
  ingress:
    enabled: false
  agent:
    strategy: DaemonSet
  query:
    replicas: 1
EOF

Configure Fluentd for Logs​

# Install Fluentd
kubectl apply -f - <<EOF
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: fluentd-config
  namespace: monitoring
data:
  fluent.conf: |
    <source>
      @type tail
      path /var/log/containers/*oran*.log
      pos_file /var/log/fluentd-containers.log.pos
      tag kubernetes.*
      <parse>
        @type json
      </parse>
    </source>
    
    <filter kubernetes.**>
      @type kubernetes_metadata
    </filter>
    
    <match **>
      @type elasticsearch
      host elasticsearch.monitoring
      port 9200
      logstash_format true
      logstash_prefix oran-logs
    </match>
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet
metadata:
  name: fluentd
  namespace: monitoring
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: fluentd
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: fluentd
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: fluentd
      containers:
      - name: fluentd
        image: fluent/fluentd-kubernetes-daemonset:v1.16-debian-elasticsearch8
        volumeMounts:
        - name: config
          mountPath: /fluentd/etc
        - name: varlog
          mountPath: /var/log
      volumes:
      - name: config
        configMap:
          name: fluentd-config
      - name: varlog
        hostPath:
          path: /var/log
EOF

DECISION LOGIC​

User says → I execute:

  • "setup monitoring" → Install Prometheus Operator
  • "deploy ves" → Deploy VES Collector
  • "configure metrics" → Configure ServiceMonitors
  • "setup kpis" → Setup O-RAN KPI Rules
  • "import dashboards" → Import Grafana Dashboards
  • "setup tracing" → Setup Jaeger Tracing
  • "setup logging" → Configure Fluentd for Logs
  • "check monitoring" → kubectl get pods -n monitoring and access Grafana

ERROR HANDLING​

  • If Prometheus fails: Check PVC and storage class with kubectl get pvc -n monitoring
  • If VES fails: Verify Kafka is running in analytics namespace
  • If no metrics: Check ServiceMonitor labels match service labels
  • If Grafana login fails: Get password with kubectl get secret -n monitoring monitoring-grafana -o jsonpath="{.data.admin-password}" | base64 -d
  • If Jaeger fails: Check Elasticsearch is running

FILES I CREATE​

  • prometheus-values.yaml - Prometheus configuration
  • ves-config.yaml - VES collector configuration
  • servicemonitors.yaml - Metric scraping configs
  • prometheus-rules.yaml - KPI calculations and alerts
  • oran-dashboard.json - Grafana dashboard
  • jaeger-config.yaml - Tracing configuration

VERIFICATION​

# Check monitoring stack
kubectl get pods -n monitoring
kubectl get servicemonitors -n monitoring
kubectl get prometheusrules -n monitoring

# Access UIs
echo "Prometheus: http://localhost:9090"
kubectl port-forward -n monitoring svc/monitoring-kube-prometheus-prometheus 9090:9090 &

echo "Grafana: http://localhost:3000 (admin/admin)"
kubectl port-forward -n monitoring svc/monitoring-grafana 3000:80 &

echo "Jaeger: http://localhost:16686"
kubectl port-forward -n monitoring svc/oran-tracing-query 16686:16686 &

# Check metrics
curl -s localhost:9090/api/v1/targets | jq '.data.activeTargets[] | {job:.labels.job, health:.health}'

HANDOFF: data-analytics-agent